NAD+

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NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) is the central redox coenzyme studied for sirtuin activity, DNA repair, and mitochondrial energy metabolism. See mechanism and specifications.

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Description

NAD+ – Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Research Compound

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is the central redox coenzyme of cellular metabolism. It is a small molecule – not a peptide – that cycles between an oxidized form (NAD+) and a reduced form (NADH) as it shuttles electrons through glycolysis, the TCA cycle, and the mitochondrial electron transport chain. In research, NAD+ is the reference substrate for an entire family of enzymes: sirtuins (SIRT1-SIRT7), PARPs (DNA repair), and CD38 (calcium signaling). Cellular NAD+ levels decline measurably with age across tissues, which is the observation that anchors the large body of NAD+-restoration research.


Why the Redox + Sirtuin Substrate Role Matters

NAD+ has two distinct research axes. The classical role is redox cofactor – it accepts electrons from fuel metabolism and hands them to the electron transport chain, which is the mechanism that links NAD+ to mitochondrial ATP output. The second role, characterized more recently, is substrate for NAD+-consuming enzymes (sirtuins, PARPs, CD38). Sirtuins require NAD+ to deacetylate histones and other protein targets, which is how NAD+ feeds into longevity, DNA repair, and stress-response research axes. That second role is why NAD+ shows up in aging research rather than just metabolism research.

Pathway What it does in plain terms
Redox coenzyme (NAD+ / NADH) Electron shuttle – glycolysis, TCA cycle, electron transport chain
Sirtuin substrate (SIRT1-SIRT7) Required for histone / protein deacetylation – longevity and stress-response axis
PARP substrate Required for poly-ADP-ribosylation – DNA damage repair
CD38 Consumes NAD+ – primary driver of age-related NAD+ decline
Mitochondrial biogenesis SIRT1-PGC1α axis drives mitochondrial expansion and oxidative capacity

NAD+ vs NMN vs NR

Three related compounds show up constantly in NAD+-restoration research. They differ in their position in the NAD+ biosynthetic pathway.

Compound Research axis
NAD+ Terminal coenzyme – direct substrate for sirtuins, PARPs, CD38
NMN Direct NAD+ precursor – one enzymatic step away (NMNAT catalyzes NMN → NAD+)
NR Upstream precursor – two enzymatic steps (NR → NMN → NAD+)

Research Applications

NAD+ is used in studies examining:

  • Sirtuin-mediated deacetylation and longevity-axis endpoints
  • Mitochondrial energy metabolism and oxidative capacity
  • DNA damage repair via PARP pathway activation
  • Age-related NAD+ decline restoration research
  • Neurodegenerative disease models (Parkinson’s, Alzheimer’s)
  • Metabolic health and insulin sensitivity endpoints

Specifications

Format Lyophilized powder
Purity ≥99%
Molecular class Small molecule coenzyme (not a peptide)
Aliases NAD+, NAD, Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide, β-NAD+
Available sizes 500mg
Storage 2-8°C unopened, protected from light; stable 12+ months
Use Research purposes only – not for human use

Storage & Handling

Unopened vials are kept at 2-8°C under standard cold-chain conditions and remain stable for 12+ months. Reconstitution parameters, solvent compatibility, and post-reconstitution stability for NAD+ are documented in the published peer-reviewed literature and standard peptide-chemistry references.


Reference Literature

Published clinical and preclinical NAD+ literature is available through PubMed, Google Scholar, and other peer-reviewed databases. WWP does not provide protocol design, dosing guidance, or administration parameters. Those decisions rest with the researcher and any applicable institutional review board.


Common Questions About NAD+ Research

What is NAD+ used for in research?

It is studied as the central redox coenzyme and substrate for sirtuins, PARPs, and CD38. Published work covers sirtuin-mediated longevity endpoints, mitochondrial energy metabolism, DNA damage repair, age-related NAD+ decline restoration, and neurodegenerative disease models.

Is NAD+ a peptide?

No. NAD+ is a small-molecule coenzyme composed of two nucleotides (nicotinamide mononucleotide and adenosine monophosphate) joined through their phosphate groups. It is not a peptide, but it appears in the research toolkit alongside peptides because its metabolic, longevity, and mitochondrial-function research axes overlap with peptide research.

What is the difference between NAD+, NMN, and NR?

NMN and NR are precursors that the body converts to NAD+. NR is the furthest upstream (requires two enzymatic steps to reach NAD+), NMN is one step away, and NAD+ is the terminal coenzyme that actually participates in redox reactions and serves as substrate for sirtuins and PARPs. Direct NAD+ bypasses the precursor conversion pathway.

Is NAD+ FDA approved?

No. NAD+ is not an FDA-approved drug product. It is widely available as a research compound and as a supplement ingredient, but there is no approved pharmaceutical NAD+ product. Every vial WWP ships is labeled and sold strictly for laboratory and research use only.

How is NAD+ stored?

Unopened vials are stored at 2-8°C protected from light and stay stable for 12+ months. Once reconstituted with bacteriostatic water, the solution should be kept at 2-8°C protected from light and used within 14-21 days because of oxidation sensitivity.


Purity Guarantee

Every batch is ≥99% purity. Send us a COA from any independent test and we’ll issue store credit regardless of what it shows.

Additional information

Milligrams Per Vial

500 mg, 1000 mg

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